The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys and secrete the body's four major stress hormones, including cortisol. These substances speed up metabolism and help the body cope with danger. Under circumstances of extreme or chronic stress, large amounts of cortisol lead to health problems.
Siberian Ginseng Aids Body Defenses
According to reports published by the World Health Organization, Radix eleutherococci, or Siberian ginseng, has complex benefits: "The mechanism of the antistress or adaptogenic activities of Radix Eleutherococci appears to be threefold. Extracts of the roots have an adaptogenic effect that produces a nonspecific increase in the body’s defence against exogenous stress factors and noxious chemicals. The roots also stimulate the immune system, and promote an overall improvement in physical and mental performance."
The active part of the plant is the root. It can be found in many forms: whole root, root pieces, powdered or liquid extract or concentrate, and as granules for instant tea. Tablets, capsules, tinctures and oil-based forms are also available. Look for pure ginseng on the label as there are many diluted and ineffective preparations marketed. Take ginseng daily for two to three weeks followed by a 14-day rest period.
The plant should not be used during pregnancy or by those with high blood pressure or hypoglycemia. Diabetics should monitor blood sugar closely when using Siberian ginseng as the plant may temporarily lower serum glucose.
Holy Basil Improves Energy and Stamina
Also known by its Indian name, tulsi, or holy basil, is prized for its ability to improve stamina and help the body adapt to stress. In a 1997 study published in the Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, mice subjected to noise and exhaustion had more energy and shortened recovery times when given holy basil. The herb is rich in antioxidants and has antiviral and antibacterial properties which support immune function. Tulsi is a source of vitamins A and C, calcium, zinc, iron and chlorophyll.
To prepare tulsi in its popular herb tea form, add one teaspoon dried herb to one cup of boiling water and steep at least five minutes. Drink one cup per day. There are three main types of tulsi, rama tulsi being the one most commonly grown locally, with two others available by import from India. All three are potent adaptogens.
Ashwagandha Improves Memory and Fights Depression
The adaptogenic properties of ashwagandha work to normalize the endocrine system, including the thyroid, the pituitary and the adrenal glands. Because of its affect on acetycholine receptors in the brain, ashwagandha improves memory in elderly persons. A study published in the December 2000 issue of Phytomedicine confirmed the antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects of this medicinal plant, also known as Withania somnifera, Indian ginseng and wild cherry. Ashwagandha has been used by Native Americans and Africans to treat inflammation and fevers. It also has anticancer properties.
Ashwagandha is available in capsules filled with powdered extract, typically a 500mg strength. Initially, one 500mg dose near bedtime is advised as the herb causes drowsiness in some people and may cause gastric upset in larger doses. Work up to a dose of three grams a day (six capsules) for six weeks. The herb can be taken indefinitely in six week cycles, but allow for a one week rest period.
Continuous and prolonged stress can be detrimental to the adrenal glands. Work-related pressure, marriage problems, loneliness, illness and grief can cause immune deficiency and "adrenal burnout" or adrenal fatigue. Improved health could depend on taking adaptogenic herbs such as Siberian ginseng, tulsi, and ashwagandha.
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